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Work endangered.

Health and safety for people performing risky work.

Over the years, we can observe a significant evolution from different perspectives. Work done by people in the past, thanks to additional machines and tools, becomes faster and lighter. Moreover, some of the occupations were taken over entirely by remote-controlled or automated robots. With this in mind, it is worth looking at the work performed by people supported to a greater or lesser extent by auxiliary machines. Who put their health and life at risk every day to make society better for society.

Positions exposed to particular risk or difficult working conditions are strictly defined in the Act of September 26, 1997, Chapter 6, ordered by the Minister of Labor and Social Policy on the comprehensive health and safety at work regulations.

For professions and tasks performed, which are mainly exposed to a number of dangers includes:

  • Renovation, demolition, assembly and construction works managed without stopping the entire or partial operation of the workplace.
  • Work on channels, tanks, inside technical machines or other enclosed surfaces that pose a risk.
  • Work with the use of flammable or chemical materials.
  • Operation at heights.
  • Work during the operation of installations and devices.
  • Work replaced by the employer at his discretion.
  • Inside the furnace chambers of boilers, electrostatic precipitators, boiler drums, chutes and hoppers, gas and liquid fuel tanks, flue gas ducts and bunkers.
  • Inside bunkers and preparation circuits of coal dust, coal mills, coal fans, separators, cyclones, coal, ash, slag and other rooms and tanks in which corrosive, poisonous, flammable, asphyxiating or explosive gases may be present.
  • Requires disassembly, unscrewing, balancing and repair of turbine and generator rotors.
  • In the rotation of hydro and thermal power plants, which absolutely need to enter pipelines, suction pipes, canals or tanks, as well as work on discharges and water intakes from barges, boats, jetties and carried out under the water surface.
  • Performing live operation, repairs and modernization of electric power machines.
  • Work on exposed power devices or its live components, as well as ungrounded or inappropriately grounded power devices.
  • When disconnected from power voltage, suspending and lowering the cables crossing road, water and railways.
  • In connection with cutting and distinguishing power cables.
  • During soldering and welding, replacing individual cells, batteries in accumulators or stands.
  • Work on the switched off path of a double overhead power line with a voltage of 1 kilovolt and above, if the other line of the line is live.
  • With overhead power lines disconnected and under construction, which cross in the live zone.
  • When performing tests and measurements, specially prepared employees in designated places.
  • Repairs or exploitation of gaseous and liquid fuel unloading machines, together with their installations, such as unloading pumps or discharge pipelines.
  • With high voltage and radioisotope neutralizers useful for neutralizing electrostatic goods.
  • During excavations performed during inspections and repairs of gas pipelines or other gas equipment;
  • Replacement or repairs of pipelines, submersible pumps, valves and tanks for hazardous post-reclamation sewage or chemical sewage.
  • Professions that require the use of chemical substrates for cleaning pipelines, pressure vessels, boilers, steam traps, pressure tanks and oil separators.
  • Inside rooms and tanks where we can find compressed air, in compressed air pipes with a minimum overpressure of 50 kilopascals, requiring the compressor components to be dismantled.
  • On steam, compressed air, water, mazout, fire extinguishing systems and oil with a minimum working pressure of 50 kilopascals, requiring the unscrewing of a section or fittings of the pipeline or breaking the slings and supports of the water supply.

These are the jobs that still require a specialist in a given profession. Machines do indeed play an important role, but without human involvement it would not bring any results. In order to prevent dangerous situations during their profession, employers try to support and train their employees as much as possible. The owner is also obliged to update and establish a list of particularly risky works occurring in his workplace, moreover, he must determine the form of keeping this documentation.

The employer's obligations towards the employee.The employer's obligations towards the employee.

  • Direct supervision over designated persons for work - supervision by an employee should be carried out at all times when work is performed that endangers health or life (the entrusted tasks can be performed even during the temporary absence of the coordinator).
  • Technical and organizational security measures appropriate to the type of work performed: protection of workers, collective protection measures (e.g. stairs, railings, automatic ventilation or lifts, locking devices, dust extraction, fire extinguishers, covers), personal protective equipment (shoes with non-slip soles, safety glasses , gloves protecting against filings, oxygen apparatuses, cross-lumbar belts useful for manual transport work, self-locking devices protecting against falling from a height), marking of dangerous zones, appropriate markings indicating a room posing a danger, etc.
  • Instructing employees, including:
  • Personal division of work performance.
  • An assigned sequence of tasks performed.
  • Requirements relating to health and safety at work for individual activities established from the very beginning and providing information about the latest news.
  • Access to places of work involving particular danger only for persons who have special authorizations and have been properly instructed.

These obligations may be fulfilled by:

  • Protocol agreed by the employer or the person managing the employees, i.e. the manager or the superior, about the detailed conditions of occupational health and safety and the work carried out between all employees with a personal division of duties.
  • Taking up work and managing it only on the basis of a written agreement with the employer.
  • Informing contractors about the properties of the materials, semi-finished and finished products used and the methods of their safe use.
  • Complete presentation of emergency procedures.
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